Earth · earthquakes
A year of strong earthquakes
Each spike is a magnitude 5.5+ earthquake of the last twelve months (USGS ComCat); its height follows the magnitude, its colour the depth. Rings mark the strongest. Earthquakes outline the plate boundaries.
- < 70 km (shallow)
- 70–300 km (intermediate)
- > 300 km (deep)
Latest catalogued earthquake
M 5.0
Strongest in the catalogue
M 9.5
Earthquakes M ≥ 7
1,622
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Positions and magnitudes from the USGS catalogue; heights exaggerated. Base map: local NASA Blue Marble.
Catalogued earthquakes M ≥ 4.5
312,380
1900 → 2026-11-04
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Current · provisional
Earthquakes M ≥ 7
1,622
including 100 M ≥ 8
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Current · provisional
Latest catalogued earthquake
M 5.0
2026-11-04 06:40 UTC · 207 km ESE of Sarangani, Philippines
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Strongest in the catalogue
M 9.5
1960-05-22 · 1960 Great Chilean Earthquake (Valdivia Earthquake)
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 in the last 30 days of the catalogue
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Earthquakes M ≥ 7 and M ≥ 6 per year
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Current · provisional
Show the data as a table
Earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 per year
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
Current · provisional
Show the data as a table
Ten strongest earthquakes in the USGS catalogue (since 1900)
| # | M | Date | Place | Depth |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9.5 mw | 1960-05-22 | 1960 Great Chilean Earthquake (Valdivia Earthquake) | 25 km |
| 2 | 9.2 mw | 1964-03-28 | The 1964 Prince William Sound, Alaska Earthquake | 25 km |
| 3 | 9.1 mw | 2004-12-25 | 2004 Sumatra - Andaman Islands Earthquake | 30 km |
| 4 | 9.1 mww | 2011-03-11 | 2011 Great Tohoku Earthquake, Japan | 29 km |
| 5 | 9.0 mw | 1952-11-04 | 89 km ESE of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia | 22 km |
| 6 | 8.8 mw | 1906-01-31 | 1906 Ecuador-Colombia Earthquake | 20 km |
| 7 | 8.8 mww | 2010-02-27 | 2010 Maule, Chile Earthquake | 23 km |
| 8 | 8.8 mww | 2025-07-29 | 2025 Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Earthquake | 35 km |
| 9 | 8.7 mw | 1965-02-04 | 1965 Western Aleutian Islands (Hawadax/Rat Islands) Earthquake | 30 km |
| 10 | 8.6 mw | 1946-04-01 | The 1946 Unimak Island, Alaska Earthquake | 15 km |
Deadliest earthquakes (NCEI significant earthquake database)
NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite NCEI/WDS · 10/30/26
| # | Year | Place | M | Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1556 | CHINA: SHAANXI PROVINCE | 8.0 | 830,000 |
| 2 | 2010 | HAITI: PORT-AU-PRINCE tsunami | 7.0 | 316,000 |
| 3 | 115 | TURKEY: ANTAKYA (ANTIOCH) tsunami | 7.5 | 260,000 |
| 4 | 525 | TURKEY: ANTAKYA (ANTIOCH), SAMANDAG | 7.0 | 250,000 |
| 5 | 1976 | CHINA: NE: TANGSHAN | 7.5 | 242,769 |
| 6 | 1920 | CHINA: GANSU PROVINCE, SHANXI PROVINCE tsunami | 8.3 | 235,502 |
| 7 | 1139 | AZERBAIJAN: GYZNDZHA | — | 230,000 |
| 8 | 2004 | INDONESIA: SUMATRA: ACEH: OFF WEST COAST tsunami | 9.1 | 227,899 |
| 9 | 856 | IRAN: DAMGHAN, QUMIS | 7.9 | 200,000 |
| 10 | 893 | ARMENIA: DVIN; IRAN: ARDABIL | — | 150,000 |
Filterable USGS catalogue
USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service) · U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · 11/4/26
| Date (UTC) | M | Place | Depth | Lat., lon. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1931-10-23 11:45 | 6.2 mw | 84 km S of Isangel, Vanuatu | 35 km | -20.31, 169.32 |
| 1931-10-18 00:38 | 6.2 mw | 58 km SE of Kirakira, Solomon Islands | 15 km | -10.79, 162.34 |
| 1931-10-13 04:34 | 6.0 mw | 146 km N of Kirakira, Solomon Islands | 15 km | -9.14, 162.12 |
| 1931-10-12 03:57 | 6.0 mw | 99 km SE of Burica, Panama | 15 km | 7.30, -82.36 |
| 1931-10-10 16:37 | 6.4 mw | 117 km WSW of Arman’, Russia | 35 km | 59.30, 148.19 |
| 1931-10-10 01:08 | 6.1 mw | 112 km NW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands | 15 km | -9.63, 161.32 |
| 1931-10-10 00:19 | 7.8 mw | 116 km NW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands | 15 km | -9.73, 161.15 |
| 1931-10-06 18:13 | 6.0 mw | Solomon Islands | 15 km | -11.09, 161.66 |
| 1931-10-03 21:47 | 7.0 mw | 74 km SW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands | 15 km | -10.93, 161.44 |
| 1931-10-03 20:55 | 6.6 mw | 155 km SSW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands | 15 km | -11.77, 161.42 |
| 1931-10-03 18:13 | 7.8 mw | 108 km SW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands | 15 km | -11.12, 161.20 |
| 1931-10-01 10:45 | 6.3 mw | 112 km E of El Rosario de Arriba, Mexico | 15 km | 29.96, -114.56 |
| 1931-09-29 04:14 | 6.0 mw | 128 km E of Laikit, Laikit II (Dimembe), Indonesia | 35 km | 1.70, 126.11 |
| 1931-09-26 19:03 | 6.3 mw | 127 km SSW of Puerto San José, Guatemala | 15 km | 12.97, -91.48 |
| 1931-09-25 15:35 | 6.1 mw | west of Macquarie Island | 10 km | -57.34, 144.55 |
| 1931-09-25 04:59 | 7.3 mw | 161 km S of Bengkulu, Indonesia | 35 km | -5.26, 102.27 |
| 1931-09-21 20:36 | 6.0 mw | 164 km SW of Pacasmayo, Peru | 10 km | -8.29, -80.77 |
| 1931-09-21 09:27 | 6.7 mw | 250 km E of Wenchang, China | 25 km | 19.42, 113.12 |
| 1931-09-21 01:20 | 6.5 mw | 1 km WNW of Kumagaya, Japan | 15 km | 36.14, 139.38 |
| 1931-09-19 06:40 | 6.1 mw | 66 km ESE of Kayangel, Palau | 15 km | 7.86, 135.28 |
| 1931-09-16 11:43 | 6.0 mw | 12 km NW of Hadano, Japan | 15 km | 35.46, 139.13 |
| 1931-09-08 18:08 | 6.2 mw | 145 km ENE of Hasaki, Japan | 15 km | 36.27, 142.31 |
| 1931-08-27 14:27 | 7.2 mw | 14 km SSE of Mach, Pakistan | 10 km | 29.74, 67.39 |
| 1931-08-24 20:35 | 6.8 mw | Pakistan | 10 km | 29.71, 67.73 |
| 1931-08-18 13:21 | 7.2 mw | 148 km ESE of Altay, China | 10 km | 47.25, 89.90 |
| 1931-08-16 10:40 | 6.3 mw | The 1931 Valentine, Texas Earthquake | 10 km | 30.71, -104.18 |
| 1931-08-14 15:12 | 6.0 ms | 75 km SE of Nikolski, Alaska | — | 52.50, -168.00 |
| 1931-08-13 21:09 | 6.2 mw | Kermadec Islands, New Zealand | 15 km | -30.12, -177.32 |
| 1931-08-10 20:18 | 7.9 mw | 172 km SE of Altay, China | 10 km | 46.86, 89.89 |
| 1931-08-07 01:11 | 7.1 mw | 43 km SW of Aitape, Papua New Guinea | 35 km | -3.37, 142.03 |
| 1931-08-06 17:16 | 6.1 mw | 27 km SSE of Severobaykal’sk, Russia | 15 km | 55.40, 109.48 |
| 1931-07-21 02:36 | 6.3 mw | 161 km SSE of Isangel, Vanuatu | 55 km | -20.87, 169.92 |
| 1931-07-20 07:30 | 6.3 mw | 62 km NE of Hihifo, Tonga | 35 km | -15.56, -173.37 |
| 1931-07-18 10:23 | 6.3 mw | 142 km ESE of Mil’kovo, Russia | 15 km | 54.46, 160.79 |
| 1931-07-17 08:13 | 6.1 mw | 6 km NW of San Baltazar Loxicha, Mexico | 35 km | 16.12, -96.83 |
| 1931-07-15 15:27 | 6.2 mw | 129 km WSW of Arman’, Russia | 15 km | 59.34, 147.94 |
| 1931-07-12 15:45 | 6.5 mw | 2 km SW of San Francisco, Philippines | 15 km | 12.71, 123.89 |
| 1931-06-29 19:24 | 6.0 mw | 39 km NE of La Serena, Chile | 25 km | -29.67, -70.93 |
| 1931-06-23 05:14 | 6.4 mw | 97 km NE of Hasaki, Japan | 25 km | 36.24, 141.72 |
| 1931-06-22 14:31 | 6.1 mw | 180 km ENE of Gisborne, New Zealand | 15 km | -38.27, -179.99 |
| 1931-06-17 11:09 | 6.1 mw | 5 km S of Kokubunji, Japan | 35 km | 35.66, 139.48 |
| 1931-06-13 14:34 | 6.0 mw | south of the Fiji Islands | 35 km | -23.98, -176.30 |
| 1931-06-09 14:58 | 6.3 mw | south of the Fiji Islands | 35 km | -24.28, -176.77 |
| 1931-06-09 12:52 | 6.3 mw | 182 km NW of Hihifo, Tonga | 20 km | -14.89, -175.10 |
| 1931-06-04 08:50 | 6.0 mw | Banda Sea | 15 km | -5.84, 130.52 |
| 1931-06-01 10:54 | 6.2 mw | 106 km SSW of Kokopo, Papua New Guinea | 35 km | -5.21, 151.86 |
| 1931-05-30 10:34 | 6.0 uk | 72 km S of Attu Station, Alaska | — | 52.20, 173.30 |
| 1931-05-23 23:13 | 6.1 mw | 9 km SE of Tubajon, Philippines | 15 km | 10.27, 125.62 |
| 1931-05-20 20:53 | 6.1 mw | 152 km NW of Coquimbo, Chile | 15 km | -29.07, -72.54 |
| 1931-05-20 01:22 | 7.2 mw | Azores-Cape St. Vincent Ridge | 10 km | 37.74, -16.16 |
Method and sources
The USGS ComCat (ANSS) catalogue is read through the FDSN web service, one request per calendar year since 1900 for magnitudes ≥ 4.5; the last two years are re-read on each update because solutions are revised. Magnitudes are those published (mb, Ms, Mw, ml…) and are not converted; depth is the hypocentre depth in km.
Yearly counts are computed on the server from imported events of type “earthquake” (explosions and other types are kept but excluded from counts). Historical earthquakes and their tolls come from the NCEI/WDS significant earthquake database, dated to the year when the day is unknown.
Reading these data
The global catalogue is homogeneous neither in time nor in magnitude: completeness at M 4.5 is only reached after 1973 and still improves afterwards. Magnitudes of different types are not comparable; the great historical earthquakes (e.g. Valdivia 1960, M 9.5) are re-evaluations. No link with solar activity or tides is established; see the Correspondences pages.
SOURCES OF THIS PAGE
- USGS ComCat earthquakes M ≥ 4.5 (FDSN event service)
-
U.S. Geological Survey, Earthquake Hazards Program (2017). Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) Comprehensive Catalog of Earthquake Events and Products. Accessed through the FDSN event web service.
· doi:10.5066/F7MS3QZH · source page ↗
Licence : U.S. Government work, public domain; cite USGS ANSS ComCat · retrieved on Nov 4, 2026 · SHA-256 165ea85a63c3… - NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database
-
National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.
· doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K · source page ↗
Licence : U.S. Government work, public domain; cite NCEI/WDS · retrieved on Oct 30, 2026 · SHA-256 d5b49c593d3a…